Pengaruh Pemandian Umum Terhadap Individu yang Terindikasi Isolasi Diri (Hikikomori) Dalam Konteks Sosialisasi di Komunitas

Abstract

Public bathhouses in Japan have long played an important social role, functioning as informal gathering spaces and places to relieve stress. On the other hand, the phenomenon of social withdrawal, or hikikomori, has shown an increasing trend in recent years. This journal explores studies published between 2021 and 2025 that focus on these two issues, with the aim of examining whether public bathhouses and hot spring facilities can contribute to reducing cases of social withdrawal (hikikomori).

Although not all studies find a direct relationship between the use of public bathhouses and a decrease in hikikomori, several simple activities conducted in shared spaces have been shown to enhance social and emotional comfort, create opportunities for low-pressure social interaction, and foster an environment in which individuals may feel more at ease. These small elements can help alleviate tendencies toward social withdrawal. While the impact may be modest, such communal experiences can contribute to reducing the effects of isolation.